Targeted proteomics serves as the hypothesis-driven counterpart to global discovery approaches, allowing for precise and sensitive measurement of hundreds of analytes simultaneously. Absolute quantification can be achieved through the use of heavy isotope-labeled reference peptides. Following global discovery, targeted proteomics validates findings and ensures robust verification of biomarkers and other identified proteins. This method is particularly adept at detecting analytes that may elude detection in global proteomics approaches using antibodies or global LC-MS. Such capabilities significantly enhance the reliability and applicability of research outcomes in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.